The Long March Thu

 

Thuhmaihruai:

1934 October 16 zaan ah Communist ralkap 86,000 cu ral ih kut ih thih hnak in pian tawk pian, can tawk can  tiin an hmunpi, an headquarter pi, cu tan in  dung an sip. Khoi hmun kan pan ding tit la fiang lo, ni ziat, peng ziat kan feh ding ti tla thei lo in an run inn pi cu an suahsan.

Cutin Communist pawl cu kum pi kum khat felfel, peng 6,000 lenglo ke in an fehih netabik ah cawlh hmun an tong. An zalam tluan cu ral ih dawi hual an si, nikhaw sia, vur le khawsik lak ah, horkuam le tiva ah, nat le damlo, rilrawng le tihal in cawlhhmun an pan. Cui 86,000 sungah cawlhhmun Shaanxi peng, Yan’an ih a thleng tu cu 10/1 hnak mal an si, minung 8,000 tluk lawng an thleng thei.

Hi a harsa ih a rapthlak zetmi an khual tlawnnak cu “The Long March” tiah an ko ih hi The Long March cu Communist pawl ih Tuluk rampi ih a cakbik, zuamtu neilo uktu an sinak a hring suaktu a si.

Dunglam Thuanthu:

1927 ihsin Chiang Kaisek in Communist pawl kaihkhihnak, hremnak an thok ih cutin Communist pawl cu sahminnak, hramlakah an tlan. Cui hramlakih tlan Communist pawl cu Mao Ze Dong in a kom khawm vivo ih 1929 ah Jiangxi ah hmun an khuar. 1931 ah Jiangxi peng Ruijin cu an HQ ah an hmangih Jiangxi Soviet silole Chinese Soviet Republic tiah an ko.

1 – 3 KMT ih Donak

1930 kum cem ah Chiang Kaisek cun Communist pawl do a thok. Ralkap thazang 100,000 hmangin a va do. Communist ralkap hi 30,000 tluk an si. Nan Chiang Kaisek ralkap, KMT, ralkap pawl cu thla 2 sungah an sung.

Mao Ze Dong cu Guerrila Warfare/Tactic timi ralrel dan a hmang. Guerrila Tactic ti cu Kawl ih ပြောက်ကျားစစ်နည်းဗျူဟာ an timi khi a si. Mao cun kan ral pawl kan hnakin an mipum tam sawm, an hriamhrei thazang tla a ttha sawn, an ralkap pawl tla ralkap training ttheh felfel lawng an si. Curuangah a pa-ngai ih do aw cu a ngah lo, thup le rukin kan do ttul a tiih, ral pawl an rin lo lai ih va do, ral pawl bum kual ti tactic pawl a hmang. Cui Mao ih a tactic cu a ttangkai nasa.

Chiang Kaisek cu cutiih oltuk ih a sun kha thinheng in 1931 April ah ralkap 200,000 thawn a va do. Nan Mao ih ho pawl in thla 2 sungah an neh lala.

Chiang Kaisek cu a thinheng sinsin ih cui kum thotho August thla ah ralkap 300,000 thawn a va do lala, thla 3 sungah an sung lala. Chiang Kaisek cun Mao Ze Dong ih ralreldan a neh thei lo, kum 1 sungah voi 3 rori a sung.

Mao Zedong Hlonnak

1932 ah Moscow ihsin tlawng ttheh thar mifim, mino a simi Bo Gu le German mi Soviet military advisor Otto Braun cu Jiangxi Soviet ah an thleng. Communist Party Central lam in Mao Zedong ih kaihhruai dan hi an duh lem lo. 1932 October, Ningdu conference ah Mao Zedong cu Jiangxi Soviet Chiarman in an hlon ih Bo Gu cu Chiarman ah hril a si. Mao Zedong cu Chiarman a sinak ihsin an hlon veten ralkap lam hotu a sinak, party ih a telnak a zaten an hlon ttheh. Zianghman ah an telh nawn lo ih hlei ah cang thei lo dingin an rek taar bet. House Arrest ti tluk a si.

KMT ih 4nk Donak

Bo Gu le Otto Braun cun Mao Zedong ih ralreldan hi an uarlo nasa. HIvek ralreldan cu mi ttihhrut, mi hrokhrawl, mi zeilo pawl ih ralreldan a si an ti. Annih cun “A Pa-ngai” raldodan, Conventional Warfare (သမားရိုးကျစစ်ပွဲ) kha an duh.

1933 January ah Chiang Kaisek cun Communist pawl cu ralkap 500,000 thawn an nor sal. Communist lam pawl tla in an ralreldan thar Conventional Warfare cu an hmang. An do-awk thla 2 a rei ah Japan pawl in saklam Tuluk nasa zetin an nor. Great Wall ih a sung lam lut an thok thlang. Cutikah Chiang Kaisek cu lo theih lo in Japan ral a va kham a ttulih Communist pawl do kha a hnuk aw sal. Cutin a voi 4nk tla cu a ti feuh thei cuang lo ah a cang.

5nk Donak

1933 ah German ralbawi hlun a simi General Hans von Seeckt cu Chiang Kaisek ih advisor ah a cang. Cui ralbawi pa ih ruahnak pek mi cu Communist pawl kha hmanhmawh lo in duhsahten, a kulh in kulh, an suksonak phit thluh, an ei in ding phit thluh, blockage tuah dingin ruahnak a pek. Chiang Kaisek tla cun German ralbawi pai ruahnak pek vekin 1933 September thla in Jiangxi Soviet cu a kulh thok. Tuitum Chiang Kaisek ih ralreldan cu hmual a nei zet.

KMT ralkap hi 700,000 tluk an si. Communist pawl in an do phah, an do phah, nan KMT pawl cu an to a hnget ih an neh thei lo. Cutin kum 1 tluk an kulh an rek tikah Communist pawl cu an cang thei nawn lo. Ei in ding an harsa thlang. Hriamhrei, cerek, zian an nei nawn lo. Jiangxi an HQ ih thih theh dingah an cang.

The Long March

1934 October 10 ah Communist hotu pawl cu thu an relih an hmunpi ih thih ttheh ding hnak cun an HQ pi tan in tlan suak ding, dungsip ding thu an tthencet. October 16 zaan ah ralkap 86,000 cu an hmunpi Jiangxi cu an suahsan. Thi thluh lo ding, cemral lo ding, nun peh ding ti ruahsan in an HQ pi suahsan cu a si.

Bo Gu le Otto Braun cu ralkap tlan vek siloin cozah hmun tthawn vekin an fehpi. Cutikah zunglam thilri zaten cet, printer pawl tiang an phur thluh.

Chiang Kaisek cu Republic of China cozahpi kaitu a si vekin van lam thazang tla nasa zetin a hmang thei fawn. 1930 hrawngah raldonak vanzam 300 tluk an nei.

Xiang River Do-awknak

Communist pawl cu November thla cem lam ah Xiang tiva pi an thleng. Communist pawl cu inn tthawn aw vekin an tthawn aw ruangah an feh cak lo nasa. Communist pawl Xiang tipi an thlen ah KMT ralkap 300,000 tluk hmun an ra khuar man ih an rak bawh zo.

Chiang Kaisek cun van lam in nasa zet bomb a thlak, lei lam ah KMT ralkap 300,000 tluk in an bawh, an hual, cun Bo Gu le Otto ih ralreldan thiam lo ruangah Communist pawl cu an tuar nasa. Zarh khat sung Xiang tipi kap do-awknak ah Communist lam minung 50,000 leng an thi ih Xiang tipi kaan suak theitu hi ralkap 30,000 tluk an si.

Zunyi Conference

Communist pawl cun 1935 January ah Zunyi timi khua an lak thei. Communist pawl cu Xiang tipi do-awknak ih an sun tuknak thu ah an hotu pawl parah an lungawi lo. January 15-17 conference an nei. Cui conference ahcun an hotu an simi Bo Gu, Otto Braun le rawlbawi Zhou Enlai kha an thlak ih Mao Zedong kha hotu ah an hril sal. Mao kha hotu lawng siloin ralkap lam, ralreldan tactic, strategy, plan a zaten a kai thluh.

Zunyi conference hlan tiang Chinese Communist Party par, an hotu, uk aw dan, ralkap thu tiangah Soviet Union in thu an rak nei. Asinan hi conference hnu in Moscow ih CPP parih thu-neihnak site tiat hman a um nawn lo.

Mao Tactic

Mao Zedong cu hotu a si veten an fehdan, ralreldan an zaten a thleng, hlan vekin Guerrila Warfare/Tactic kha a hmang sal. Mao ih a ho veten KMT lam hi Red Army pawl ziang an tuah ding, khoi an feh ding ti hi an ttuat cia thei lo, ziang an tuah ding ti an thei theilo.

Cun a tlangpi thu in sun ah feh nawn lo in zaan ah an feh, cun van zam ih khoi ah an um ti hmu thei lo dingin sunah hrampi tivek sin in an thup aw. A ttul ahcun sun le zaan in cawl lo in an feh.

Chishui River Kaannak

Mao Zedong cu hotu a tuan reilo, Zunyi conference an ttheh in January 19 ah Zunyi khua in an suak. Nitlaknak lam pan in an fehih January 29 ah Chishui tiva an tan. KMT le Guizhou peng ralkap pawl in an rak bawh. Tawkfang an fehin dinhmun a ttha lo ding ti a theih ruangah a kirpi sal ih February 18-22 ah Chishui tiva a tanpi lala. Cun March 15 ah a kirpi lala ih cui tiva cu an tan lala ih nitlaknak lam an pan sal. Chiang Kaisek amah rori ralhmai, frontline ah a feh. Tuitum cu hi hmun an ra tengteng ding a ti. Mau cun a ralkap pawl zamrangten a kirpi ih March 21-22 ah Chishui tiva an tanpi lala. Cutin netabik ah thlanglam ah an sukih Yunan peng sungah an va lut.

Kumming Dobumnak

Red Army pawl Yunan peng an lut in Yunan peng khawlipi Kumming va do ding vekin an feh. Yunan pengih KMT pawl siseh, ralkap dang pawl siseh, an thinphang zetih Kumming hum dingin an zaten Kumming ah an khawm aw thluh. Mao le ho pawl cu Kumming do lo in Yunan sak lam ihsin sak lam Tuluk ah an kai. Dawnkhamtu, hnahnoktu zohman um lo in Yunan in an suak thei.

 

 

 

Harsatnak le Thih le Hloh

Mao Zedong kaihhruainak tangah minung 22,000 tluk cu an thi nan KMT pawl ih kut, ral ih kut, do-awnak ah an thi tuk lo. A thi zate zik hi rilrawng, khawsik, damlo, thacem ih thi an tam.

Sichuan peng sak lam Songpan an thlen ah ei ding a um lo, cui hmun ah hramlak ei ding ttha tla a um lo. A boot savun, an savun taikhap pawl sungin ei dinhmun an si. Cui hmun ah rilrawng ih thi an tam. Cun rilrawng tuk ti cu hrampi, thinghram ei tthat pang tiin an ei ih food poisoning (tur) raw lei sual ih thi an tam. Cun cite an ei lonak a ei ih a al-dat tlasam ih thit la an um.

Cun Jiajin tlangtlaun ah khawsik ih thi an tam. Jiajin tlangtluan cu pi 13,000 – 14,000 tluk sang a si. A kum tel ih vak an siih hnipuan tthitha nei lo thawn khawsik ih thi an tam.

Sivai hi duh vekin an nei lo. Khawsik ruangih damlo, sungdok, malaria ti pawl ruangah tla an thi.

Cawlhhmun

Mao Zedong le a ho, Red Army pawl cu ni 368 ke in an feh hnu ah 1935 October 19 ah Tuluk ram saklam Shaanxi peng, Yan’an an thleng ih cui hmun cu an inn thar ah a cang ta. Cutin Red Army pawl cu keng 6,000 lenglo, ni 368 rallak ah, a sur a han ti um lo, sun ah siseh, zaan ah siseh an feh. Horkuam tlangsan, nawnbek, vurkhal pah tlang in netabik ah ihhmu thawn ten it thei caan an ngah ta. Minung 86,000 sung in 8,000 tluk in hi a sau le har zetmi khual tlawnnak an pah suak.

Hi The Long March cu Thi lonak (Survival) men lawng siloin Red Amry pawl ih an beidong lo ih tuar theinak, pekhlan awknak, hlo men kan theih lo ti tumruhnak pawl hmuhtu a si.

Hi a mak zetmi an thuanthu cu Tuluk ramsungah a thang vivo ah mipi tampi in Communist pawl tha an pek vivo. Cutin kum 10 sungah rampi cozah a rak simi Chiang Kaiset ih cozah cu an neh ih 1949 ah Mao Zedong an rampi cu Republic of China ihsin People’s Republic of China tiin a thleng ah Tuluk rampi hotu ah a tuan ih Chiang Kaisek le ho pawl cu Taiwan ah an tlan hlo ta.